Porous mineral building materials such as tile, stone, masonry, concrete and grout can be thought of as hard sponges. They are made up of countless interconnected microscopic pores and these pores will transport damaging liquids such as water, water-borne salts and stains into the surface. For example the typical diameter of a capillary pore in concrete is 1.3 microns compared to a water molecule which is 0.0001 microns. These liquids cause the building material to deteriorate prematurely and in so doing reduce its usefulness. An impregnator that is small enough to work its way in and permanently bond via a covalent reaction onto the sides of smallest pores deep into the surface offers a number of benefits including protection against traffic wear and weathering. STAIN-PROOF^® molecules are typically 10,000 smaller than capillary pore diameter of the building material. By comparison common fluoropolymer impregnators typically have colloidal particles larger than capillary pore diameter making the thin film it forms at or just below the surface vulnerable to sunlight radiation, cleaning and traffic wear.